TY - JOUR
T1 - Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Kinyarwanda version of the problem areas in diabetes (PAID) questionnaire
AU - Lygidakis, Charilaos
AU - Uwizihiwe, Jean Paul
AU - Bia, Michela
AU - Kallestrup, Per
AU - Dukundane, Damas
AU - Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda
AU - Niyonsenga, Simon Pierre
AU - Vögele, Claus
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/7/22
Y1 - 2021/7/22
N2 - Background: High prevalence rates in diabetes-related distress have been observed in several studies; however, in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa evidence is lacking as is, for example, the case for Rwanda, where diabetes prevalence is expected to increase over the next decade. The aim of this study is to report on the translation and cultural adaption of the problem areas in diabetes (PAID) questionnaire into Kinyarwanda and its psychometric properties. Methods: The questionnaire was translated following a standard procedure. Interviews were conducted with 29 participants before producing a final version. For the psychometric evaluation, a sample of 266 patients with diabetes mellitus, aged 21–64 years old were examined. Participants either came from a separate cluster-randomised controlled trial or were recruited ad-hoc for this study. The evaluation included testing internal consistency, known groups validity, and construct validity. A series of confirmatory factor analysis were conducted investigating seven previously established factorial structures. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was also carried out to examine the structure further. Results: The full scale showed good internal reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.88). A four-factor solution previously tested in Spain with subdimensions of emotional, treatment, food-related and social-support problems demonstrated adequate approximate fit (RMSEA = 0.056; CFI = 0.951; TLI = 0.943). The EFA revealed a four-factor structure; however, two of these factors were not as homogeneous and easily interpretable as those of the Spanish model. Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the Kinyarwanda version of PAID are acceptable. The questionnaire can be helpful in research and clinical practice in Rwanda, however certain cross-cultural differences should be taken into account.
AB - Background: High prevalence rates in diabetes-related distress have been observed in several studies; however, in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa evidence is lacking as is, for example, the case for Rwanda, where diabetes prevalence is expected to increase over the next decade. The aim of this study is to report on the translation and cultural adaption of the problem areas in diabetes (PAID) questionnaire into Kinyarwanda and its psychometric properties. Methods: The questionnaire was translated following a standard procedure. Interviews were conducted with 29 participants before producing a final version. For the psychometric evaluation, a sample of 266 patients with diabetes mellitus, aged 21–64 years old were examined. Participants either came from a separate cluster-randomised controlled trial or were recruited ad-hoc for this study. The evaluation included testing internal consistency, known groups validity, and construct validity. A series of confirmatory factor analysis were conducted investigating seven previously established factorial structures. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was also carried out to examine the structure further. Results: The full scale showed good internal reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.88). A four-factor solution previously tested in Spain with subdimensions of emotional, treatment, food-related and social-support problems demonstrated adequate approximate fit (RMSEA = 0.056; CFI = 0.951; TLI = 0.943). The EFA revealed a four-factor structure; however, two of these factors were not as homogeneous and easily interpretable as those of the Spanish model. Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the Kinyarwanda version of PAID are acceptable. The questionnaire can be helpful in research and clinical practice in Rwanda, however certain cross-cultural differences should be taken into account.
KW - Africa South of the Sahara
KW - Diabetes mellitus
KW - PAID
KW - Problem areas in diabetes
KW - Psychometrics
KW - Rwanda
KW - Validation study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111043684&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/455e7633-3501-3f05-a3e6-41d40eb6e044/
U2 - 10.1186/s12955-021-01821-w
DO - 10.1186/s12955-021-01821-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 34294101
AN - SCOPUS:85111043684
SN - 1477-7525
VL - 19
JO - Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
JF - Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
IS - 183
M1 - 183
ER -