Mobility Behaviors and Autonomous Vehicle Preferences in Luxembourg–Belgium Cross-Border Region

Cross-border mobility between Luxembourg and its cross-border regions (Belgium, France and Germany) is a defining feature of daily travel in this part of Europe, yet differences in behavior, mode choices, and emerging mobility preferences remain insufficiently understood. This study presents early findings from a large-scale online mobility survey conducted in October-November 2025, targeting both Luxembourg residents and cross-border workers. The survey collected detailed information on socio-demographics, current travel patterns, activities undertaken while travelling, and preferences for future modes, specifically private and shared Autonomous Vehicles (AVs).
The central research question guiding this work is: How do current mobility behaviors and future-mode preferences differ between Luxembourg residents and Belgian cross-border commuters? By comparing modal share, time-use patterns, and attitudes toward autonomous vehicles, the study identifies key behavioral contrasts between these two populations. We further examine how AV preferences vary across socio-demographic groups - such as age, income, gender and education levels. In addition to the quantitative data, qualitative responses provide insight into perceived opportunities, concerns, and conditions for AV adoption, offering a fuller picture of how future mobility technologies are understood across this cross-border region.
These emerging findings offer an initial evidence base for understanding how upcoming mobility transitions may reinforce or shift existing travel patterns in the region.