Pattern of Retirement and Exiting out of Work

Over the last years increasing attention is given to the elderly and the elderly worker from policy makers and researchers. One reason for this higher attention is the permanent existence of high unemployment in many countries. Early retirement schemes have been used (a) to encourage employed workers to retire early in favor of young employees (b) to guarantee unemployed individuals permanent and higher benefits while being preretired instead of being unemployed. Disability pensions were not explicitly designed to induce early retirement by has been increasingly used to encourage early retirement by broadening the definition of disability (c)